EU、欧州委員会は、2020年再生可能エネルギー20%目標を検証

　経済問題では大きな課題を切れ間なく突きつけられているEUとその経済圏。再生可能エネルギーについては、2020年にエネルギーの20%を再生可能エネルギーで、という目標を持っています。
　これまでは、これは達成可能な状況になっているとされてきました。事実、ＥＵ２７カ国で2010年の段階で、12.70%を達成しています。しかし、、最新の欧州委員会ののリリースによると、この達成はいまだ”既定路線にはない”との、少し警鐘を鳴らすような、より厳しい見方が示されました。

　今回の議論は、2020から2030年までの中期的な目標を考える上で、再生可能エネルギーが比較的好調だった2010年までの状況が、最近の欧州情勢により国ごとのばらつきに注意深く留意していく必要を説いています。
　たとえば、2010年に49.10%再生可能エネルギーを達成している、スェーデンを筆頭に、オーストリアが30.10%、デンマーク　22.20%、エストニア　24.30%、ラトビア　32.60%、ポルトガル　24.60%、ルーマニア　23.60%、が2010年の段階で20%越えを果たしています。
　大きな国ではドイツが2010年の段階で11.00%、さらにスペイン　13.80%、フランス　13.50%、イタリア　10.40%なども、比較的順調です。一方、最近洋上風力に力をかなり入れている感がある、イギリスは2010年の段階では、3.30%と低調でした。
　
　今後の課題としては、一定の普及が達成された分野のインセンティブの縮小や廃止などのタイミングと決断のむずかしさや、遅れている送電網の整備などがあげられています。

プレスリリース / European Commission,27 March 2013
・Renewable energy progress report

"What are the EU Renewable Energy targets?
The Renewable Energy Directive adopted in 2009 sets binding targets for renewable energy. It focuses on achieving a 20% share of renewable energy in the EU overall energy consumption by 2020. Every Member State has to reach individual targets for the overall share of renewable energy in energy consumption. In addition, in the transport sector, all Member States have to reach the same target of a 10% share of renewable energy.

These targets can be reached by increasing the share of energy from renewable sources, including wind power (both onshore and offshore), solar power (thermal, photovoltaic and concentrated), hydro-electric power, tidal power, geothermal energy and biomass (including biofuels and bioliquids). The renewable energy targets aim at reducing pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, at decreasing renewable energy production costs, and at diversifying our energy supply by reducing the dependence on oil and gas.

What is the purpose of the Renewable energy progress report?
In accordance with the reporting requirements stemming from the Renewable Energy Directive, a report should be issued every two years. The purpose of this progress report is to assess Member States' progress in the promotion and use of renewable energy towards the 2020 targets. In addition, it contains sections on the sustainability scheme for biofuels and bioliquids consumed in the EU and on the economic, social, and environmental impacts of this consumption.

Where does the EU stand with regard to Renewable Energy?
The adoption of the current policy framework of legally binding targets has resulted in the strong growth of renewable energy. The latest available Eurostat data suggests that the EU and most Member States are currently on track to achieve the 2020 targets. In 2010, the EU renewable energy share was 12.7% and the majority of Member States already reached their respective 2011/2012 interim target set out by the Directive. With regard to the EU sustainability criteria, Member States' implementation of the biofuels scheme is considered too slow. At present the possible negative impacts of EU biofuels consumption do not require further specific policy intervention

Will the EU reach its 2020 targets?
While progress has been made until 2010, there are reasons for concern about future progress: the transposition of the Directive has been slower than wished, also due to the current economic crisis in Europe. Since the indicative trajectory to meet the final target grows steeper over time, in reality more efforts by most of the Member States' are needed in the forthcoming years. Current policies alone will be insufficient to trigger the required renewable energy deployment in a majority of Member States. Hence, additional efforts will be needed for Member States to stay on track in the forthcoming years.

What needs to be done in order to reach the 2020 targets?
Member States should finalise the transposition of the Renewable Energy Directive as soon as possible and should increase their efforts in addressing barriers to the uptake of renewable energy by:

taking measures to reduce administrative burdens and delays;
developing the electricity grid and better integrating renewable energy into the market;
making support schemes more stable and transparent but also cost-effective and market-oriented.
The Commission's planned guidance on support schemes and reform foreseen for this year is intended to ensure that such support is cost effective and helps integrate renewable energy production into the energy market.

What are the consequences for Europe if we miss the 2020 targets?
Missing the 2020 renewable energy targets will have major consequences for the EU. Firstly, a strong development of renewable energy is an important condition to move towards a low-carbon economy by 2050. In this respect, the current decade will be crucial to put Europe on the right track, since investments decisions made today will affect our energy sector for the next 30 years. Secondly, missing the targets would slow down progress towards the three EU energy policy objectives: the EU would remain highly dependent on fossil fuels, therefore threatening the "security of supply" and "sustainable energy" goals. In addition, an insufficient deployment of several renewable energy technologies would not allow for adequate reductions in production costs, therefore preventing renewable energy form contributing to the EU's competitiveness. Finally, a failure to meet national binding targets could trigger infringement procedures against the relevant Member States.
............"

関連
・Commission moves forward on climate and energy towards 2030-----European Commission,27/03/2013

・European Commission : Energy - Green Paper "A 2030 framework for climate and energy policies"

"GREEN PAPER (Brussels, 27.3.2013 )
A 2030 framework for climate and energy policies
.......... "

　
プレスリリース / European Renewable Energy Council(EREC),27.03.13
・Put the EU on the right track for 2030

"Climate and energy Green Paper: Put the EU on the right track for 2030

The Green Paper launched today by the European Commission kickstarts the debate about EU climate and energy policies for the period 2020-2030. Filling the policy
vacuum from 2020 onwards is crucial in order to reduce both regulatory risk and investor
uncertainty, while at the same time creating jobs, restoring growth and sustaining innovation
through to 2030.
This Green Paper marks the beginning of the very necessary process of establishing post-2020 policies to
lead to a truly sustainable energy future for Europe built on renewables. “The objectives of decarbonisation,
energy security and international competitiveness in the EU will need a 'hat-trick', achieving the three goals
of a combined renewable energy, greenhouse gas and energy efficiency framework for 2030”, said EREC’s
president Rainer Hinrichs-Rahlwes.
“The public consultation which now opens provides an initial basis for the necessary discussion on an
ambitious and binding 2030 renewables target in the context of a holistic climate and energy framework”,
commented Hinrichs-Rahlwes. “This is the kind of long term thinking that is needed from the EU in order to
meet its 2050 decarbonisation commitments, while at the same time stabilising consumer prices. A long
term commitment to renewable energy leads to lower costs and has been shown by the European
Commission to be a 'no-regrets' way forward”, explained Hinrichs-Rahlwes.
“In their discussion at the European Council in May, Heads of States and Governments now need to
provide clear guidance so as to put the EU on the right track for 2030. In particular, they should request a
thorough impact assessment in order to define the best match between targets for renewable energy,
emissions savings and energy efficiency”, concluded Hinrichs-Rahlwes.
.......... "

参考エントリー
・EUは、再生可能エネルギー実証プロジェクト合計23件に12億ユーロ（1400億円超）の助成を決定-----ソフトエネルギー、2013/01/18

・欧州再生エネルギー評議会 EREC、2030年に再生可能エネルギーで45%を賄う意欲的なプランを提示-----ソフトエネルギー、2011/05/26

[ カテゴリー : 欧州 ]

MEMO
「2.KEY REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
A Roadmap for moving to a competitive low carbon economy in 2050
http://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/roadmap/index_en.htm
Energy Roadmap 2050
http://ec.europa.eu/energy/energy2020/roadmap/index_en.htm
White Paper: Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area – Towards a competitive
and resource efficient transport system
http://ec.europa.eu/transport/themes/strategies/2011_white_paper_en.htm
Roadmap to a Resource Efficient Europe
http://ec.europa.eu/environment/resource_efficiency/about/roadmap/index_en.htm
Structural reform of the European carbon market: the first report on the state of the
European carbon market in 2012
http://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/ets/reform/index_en.htm
Making the internal energy market work
http://ec.europa.eu/energy/gas_electricity/internal_market_en.htm
Renewable Energy: a major player in the European energy market
http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/communication_2012_en.htm
European Parliament Resolution on a Roadmap for moving to a competitive low carbon
economy in 2050
http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=TA&reference=P7-TA-2012-
0086&language=EN&ring=A7-2012-0033
European Parliament Resolution on the White Paper on a Single European Transport
Area
http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=TA&reference=P7-TA-2011-
0584&language=EN&ring=A7-2011-0425
European Parliament Resolution on the Energy Roadmap 2050
http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=TA&reference=P7-TA-2013-
0088&language=EN&ring=A7-2013-0035　」-----GREEN PAPER
A 2030 framework for climate and energy policiesより

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